![]() In addition, acoustic sensors, which identify the sleep stage by collecting sound information caused by the subject’s breathing and snoring during the test, have low measurement accuracy because of their inability to utilize the subject’s motion information and the influence of noise generated by the surroundings. ![]() However, pressure sensors are expensive, and sleep-stage results vary depending on the subject’s weight. Unlike actigraph devices and motion sensors that detect only the body part(s) equipped with sensors, pressure sensors, which can measure the subject’s overall movement and provide additional biometric information, such as breathing and heart rate, can be used for continuous data collection in the form of an ordinary bed. ![]() Moreover, distinguishing the REM sleep stage using motion sensors that detect the awake state based on the subject’s body movements is difficult because additional biometric information, such as breathing and heart rate, is not easily acquired. Therefore, there is a need for research that enables accurate detection of sleep stages while resolving PSG issues. These shortcomings cause discomfort to the test subject, and as a result, fail to accurately reflect sleep quality. In addition, one-time measurements force the results to rely on the physical condition of the subject on the test day. In addition, PSG is cost-ineffective, as the passive test requires reading by trained sleep technologists in laboratories equipped with specialized testing equipment. First, PSG is unsuitable for long-term continuous monitoring because the test subjects tend to find it uncomfortable to have at least 22 sensing electrodes required for the test attached to the body. Although PSG is a highly accurate and reliable method for assessing sleep stages based on brain wave changes during sleep, it has many limitations. PSG is a comprehensive test that passively diagnoses a subject’s sleep quality by recording complex physiological indicators, including brain waves, blood oxygen levels, breathing and heart rates, and eye and leg moments during sleep. Polysomnography (PSG) is the most widely used standard for monitoring sleep stages and evaluating sleep quality.
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